APPLIED SCIENCES Volume 1, Issue 3 Articles

Volume 1, Issue 3, 2015


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International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences

DOI: 10.20469/ijaps unnamed
ISSN: 2414-8946  (Online)
Abbreviated key title: Int. j. appl. phys. sci.

Publication Frequency : 2 issues per year

1


EDITORIAL

Covering Recent Advances in Applied and Physical Sciences Research


Dr K.Vivehananthan
Department of Biotechnology,
Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation Management,
Wayamba University of Sri Lanka
Makandura,Gonawila (NWP).

Managing Editor
Pages 1-2


Published online: 15 August 2015
Article Views: 35

Editor Message

International Journal For Applied and Physical Sciences

15 August 2015
Welcome to the first issue (June, 2015) of “International Journal of Physical and Applied Sciences”. It provides me the opportunity to thank our authors, reviewers and editors who put great effort and significant contribution to launch of the IJAPS.
IJAPS publishes original, high quality research articles across the field of applied sciences.IJAPS aims at presenting most significant cutting edge research that helps readers to define the key areas to explore further. IJAPS covers vide variety of areas of interest like Earth sciences, mathematics, natural sciences, Astronomy and physics to give rise to new research projections.
IJAPS is an ideal platform that disseminates the knowledge on above listing topics and present these in different formats like full length and letter length papers, review and survey reports, experimental studies.
IJAPS will incorporate both the qualitative as well as quantitative work addressing the research needs of modern business society. Hope you will find this journal of practical usefulness with academic value. I wish to invite all scholars in related fields to this journal to join with us and
contribute novol research ideas as well as volunteer their services to improve the quality of research being published under the domain of IJAPS.

Best wishes,
Dr K.Vivehananthan
Department of Biotechnology,
Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation Management,
Wayamba University of Sri Lanka
Makandura,
Gonawila (NWP).
Managing Editor

Articles

Radioprotective Potential of Punica Granatum Extract and Synthetic Ellagic Acid: A Biochemical and Hematological Study in Mice


  Volume 1, Issue 3
B. SATHEESH KUMAR BHANDARY, SHARMILA K. P., SUCHETHA KUMARI N., VADISHA S. BHAT, GANESH SANJEEV

Published online: 08 December , 2015 2
Article Views: 30

Abstract

Radiation therapy has been used in cancer treatment for many decades; although effective in killing tumor cells, ROS produced in radiotherapy threaten the integrity and survival of surrounding normal cells. Recent studies have indicated that some commonly used medicinal plants may be good sources of potent but non-toxic radioprotectors. The pomegranate, Punica granatum L., an ancient, mystical, and highly distinctive fruit, is the predominant member of the Punicaceae family. It is used in several systems of medicine for a variety of ailments. The objective of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of ethanolic extracts of pomegranate whole fruit (EPWF) and Synthetic Ellagic acid (EA) against Electron beam radiation (EBR) induced biochemical and hematological alterations in Swiss albino mice. The extract and synthetic compound were assessed for its radical scavenging property by DPPH and FRAP assays. The animals were treated with 200mg/kg body wt. of pomegranate extract and Ellagic acid for 15 days before exposure to 6Gy of EBR. The hematological parameters were determined in the blood and biochemical estimations were carried out in the serumof sacrificed animals. The plant extract and synthetic compound exhibited good radical scavenging and reducing properties. The pretreated animals exhibited protective effect on the hematological parameters. Radiation induced depletion in the level of reduced glutathione and total antioxidant capacity were prevented significantly by EPWF and EA administration. Also there was significant reduction in the levels of membrane lipid peroxidation in the treated groups compared to irradiated control. The findings of our study indicate the protective efficacy of pomegranate extract and synthetic ellagic acid on radiation induced biochemical and hematological changes in mice may be due to its free radical scavenging and increased antioxidant levels.

Reference

  1. C. Borek, A. Ong, H. Mason, L. Donahue, and J. E. Biaglow, “Selenium and vitamin E inhibit radiogenic and chemically induced transformation in vitro via different mechanisms”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 83, no. 5, pp. 1490-1494, 1986. https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.83.5.1490 PMid:3456598 PMCid:PMC323102
  2. E. J. Ainsworth, and G. F. Leong, “Recovery from radiation injury in dogs as evaluated by the split-dose technique,” Radiation Research, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 131-142, 1966. https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3572097 PMid:5921597
  3. L. O. Jacobson, E. K. Marks and E. Lorenz, “The hematological effects of ionizing radiations”, Radiology, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 371-395, 1949. https://dx.doi.org/10.1148/52.3.371 PMid:18113247
  4. N. P. Seeram, L. S. Adams, S. M. Henning, Y. Niu, Y. Zhang, M. G. Nair and D. Heber, “In vitro antiproliferative, apoptotic and antioxidant activities of punicalagin, ellagic acid and a total pomegranate tannin extract are enhanced in combination with other polyphenols as found in pomegranate juice,” The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 360-367, 2005. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2005.01.006 PMid:15936648
  5. S. Mandal, N. M. Shivapurkar, A. J. Galati and G. D. Stoner, “Inhibition of N-nitrosobenzylmethylamine metabolism and DNAbinding in cultured rat esophagus by ellagic acid,” Carcinogenesis, vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 1313-1316, 1988. https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/9.7.1313 PMid:3383347
  6. S. Y. Schubert, E. P. Lansky, and I. Neeman, “Antioxidant and eicosanoid enzyme inhibition properties of pomegranate seed oil and fermented juice flavonoids,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 11-17, 1999. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(98)00222-0
  7. J. A. Buege, and S. D. Aust, “Microsomal lipid peroxidation”, Methods in Enzymology, vol. 52, pp. 302-310, 1978. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(78)52032-6
  8. P. Prieto, M. Pineda and M. Aguilar, “Spectrophotometric quantitation of antioxidant capacity through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex: Specific application to the determination of vitamin E,” Analytical Biochemistry, vol. 269, no. 2, pp. 337-341, 1999. https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abio.1999.4019 PMid:10222007
  9. S. M. Sharma, M. Mohan, S. Kumari, and S. J. Sorake, “Evaluation of glutathione in oral squamous cell carcinoma,” Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 270-274, 2009. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12663-009-0066-z PMid:23139524 PMCid:PMC3454238
  10. A. P. Casarett, (1968). Radiation Chemistry and Effects of Gamma Radiation on the Cell, Radiation Biology, Englewood Cliffs, New Joursey: Prentice-Hall, 1968, pp. 57-116.
  11. S. Orrenius, and P. Moldéus, “The multiple roles of glutathione in drug metabolism,” Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, vol. 5, pp. 432-435, 1984. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-6147(84)90495-4
  12. J. E. Biaglow, M. E. Varnes, E. R. Epp, and E. P. Clark, “The role of thiols in response to radiation and drugs,” In P. A. Cerutti, O. F. Nygaard and M.G. Simics, Anticarcinogenesis and radiation protection, U. S: Springer, 1989, pp. 387-397.

To Cite this article

B. S. K. Bhandary, K. P. Sharmila, N. S. Kumari, V. S. Bhat and G. Sanjeev, “Radioprotective potential of punica granatum extract and synthetic ellagic acid: A biochemical and hematological study in mice,” International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences, Vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 51-54, 2015.

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Sustainability Based Upcycling and Value Addition of Textile Apparels


Volume 1, Issue 3

M. D. TELI, SANKET P. VALIA, SHAILESH MAURYA , PALLAVI SHITOLE

Published online: 08 December , 2015
2
Article Views: 31

Abstract

Because of alarming level of green house gases (GHG) in the environment, fast depleting natural resources such as water, petroleum products and increasing level of industrial effluents, every single manufacturing activity has come under the scrutiny of sustainability. Textile materials form a large chunk of human consumption and as the standard of life is improving globally the per capita consumption of textiles and apparels is also increasing. In this backdrop, the affluent segment of the society is adopting “make-use-and-throw” approach, which is giving rise to large scale manufacturing on one hand and the pressure of disposing of the used clothing on the other. The researchers in the field of sustainability are thus talking about responsible consumption and recycling of used materials. By refurbishing of such used apparels by involving minimum processing and value addition technique, it is possible that once again, such products can be put into useful purpose. The present research work addresses this issue of converting once used clothing by refurbishing and value addition. In developing countries a large chunk of food grains are spoiled and left to germinate due to improper storage conditions and their dampening. Hence in another piece of research explores the possibility of extracting of the starches from the waste products such as germinated food grains and investigates its applicability as a thickener in textile printing. This attempt has dual purpose of waste utilization on one hand and value addition to the once used textile garments. Hence, this attempt also advocates sustainability in manufacturing by reducing considerably the overall carbon foot prints.

Reference

  1. F. L. Toth, et al. “Decision-making frameworks,” In B. Metz, climate change 2001: Mitigation. Contribution of working group III to the third assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001, pp. 601-688.
  2. M. Nilsson, A. Varnäs, S. C. Kehler, L. J. Nilsson, B. Nyqvist, and K. Ericsson, “A European eco-efficient economy-Governing climate, energy and competitiveness,” Report for the 2009 Swedish presidency of the Council of the European Union, 2009.
  3. L. R. Morgan, and G. Birtwistle, “An investigation of young fashion consumers’ disposal habits”, International Journal of Consumer Studies, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 190-198, 2009. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2009.00756.x
  4. W. MacDonough, and M. Braungart, Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things. New York: North Point Press, 2002.
  5. J. Farrer, “Upcycling in fashion design,” Estonian Academy of Arts Tallinn, Ph.D. Thesis, 2011.
  6. B. P. Saville, “Physical testing of textiles,” The Textile Institute, England: Taylor and Francis Publication, pp. 184-207, 1999. https://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845690151 https://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439822753
  7. M. D. Teli, P. Rohera, J. Sheikh, R. Singhal, “Use of Amaranthus (Rajgeera) starch vis-à-vis wheat starch in printing of vat dyes,” Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 76, no. 3, pp. 460-463, 2009. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.11.007
  8. United Nation World Commission on Environment and Development, “Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future,” 1987.

To Cite this article

M. D. Teli, S. P. Valia, S. Maurya and P. Shitole, “Sustainability based upcycling and value addition of textile apparels,” International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences, Vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 55-60, 2015.

Yahya Ibn ‘Adi on Psychotherapy


  Volume 1, Issue 3
MOHD. NASIR OMAR, ZAIZUL AB RAHMAN

Published online: 08 December , 2015

2

Article Views: 37

Abstract

Among Christian scholars who especially distinguished themselves in the 10th/11th century Islamic Baghdad were Yahya Ibn ‘Adi (d.974), Ibn Zur‘ah (d.1008), Ibn al-Khammar (d.1017) and Abu ‘Ali al-Samh (d.1027). Some of these Christian translators were no longer relying on the Caliphs or other patrons of learning, but often found their own means of living which in turn prolonged their own academic interest. Consequently, some of them were no mere translators any more, but genuine scholars. The chief architect among them was Yahya Ibn ‘Adi. He was not only the leader of his group but was also dubbed as the best Christian translator, logician and theologian of his times. This is justified, in addition, by his ample productivity in those fields of enquiry. A considerable number of such works have evidently been used by contemporary and later writers, and have also reached us today. Hence we consider that it is in these aspects that his distinctive contributions to scholarship lie, and therefore he deserves more serious study. Thus, this qualitative study which applies conceptual content analysis method, seeks to make an analytical study of Yahya Ibn ‘Adi’s theory of psychotherapy as reflected in his major work on ethics, Tahdhib al-Akhlaq (The Refinement of Character).

Reference

  1. A. S. Al-Sijistani, “Muntakhab siwan al-Hikma,” in Fondation Cultilrelle de l’Iran, Teheran, A. R. Badawi Ed. Publisher, 1974.
  2. Al-Tawhidi, “Al-Muqabasat,” Hasan Al-Sandubi, Ed., Cairo: Al-Matba’a Al-Rahmaniyya, 1929.
  3. Ibn Al-Nadim, “Kitab al-Fihrist,” G. Flugel, J. Rodiger, Eds., A. Muller. 2 vols. Leipzig: Verlag Von F.C.E. Vogel, 1871-1872. PMCid:PMC3548496
  4. Al-Qifti, “Ta’rikh al-Hukama,” in J. Lippert, Leipzig, Eds., Dieterich’s Che-Verlags, 1903.
  5. Ibn Abi Usaybi’a, “Uyun al-Anba’ fi Tabaqat al-Atibba,” A. Muller Ed., 2 vols, Konigsberg, 1982, 1984.
  6. J. L. Kraemer, “Philosophy in the renaissance of Islam: Abu Sulayman Al-Sijistani and his circle,” Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1986.
  7. A. Perier, “Yahya Ben Adi, An arabic philosopher Chretien Du Siecle XE,” Paris, 1920.
  8. Ibn Al-Ibri, Ta’rikh Mukhtasar Al-Duwal,” in A. Salihani. Beirut: Matba’a al-Kathulikiyya, 1958.
  9. N. Rescher, The Development of Arabic Logic, Pittsburgs: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1964.
  10. Al-Tawhidi, “Al-Imta’ Wa’l-Mu’anasa,” A. Amin and A. al-Zayn, Eds., 3 vols, Cairo: Matba’a Lujna al-Ta’lif wa’l-Tarjama wa’l-Nashr, 1953.
  11. J. L. Kraemer, “Humanism in the renaissance of Islam: The cultural revival during the Buyid age,” Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1986.
  12. Al-Mas’udi, “Al-Tanbih wa’l-Ishraf,” M. J. de Goeje, Ed., Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1893.
  13. F. Rosenthal, “On the knowledge of Plato’s philosophy in the muslim world”. Islamic Culture, vol. 14, pp. 387-422, 1940.
  14. R. Walzer, Greek into Arabic, Oxford: Bruno Cassirer, 1962. PMid:13998755
  15. C. Galen, “Kitab al-Akhlaq: Being an Arabic summary of Galen’s De Moribus,” P. Kraus, Ed., Bulletin of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Egypt, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1-51, 1973.
  16. G. N. Atiyeh, “Al-Kindi,” The Philosopher of the Arabs, Rawalpindi: Islamic Research Institute, 1966. PMid:5910639
  17. A. B. Al-Razi, “Al-Tibb al-Ruhani,” Majid Fakhri, Ed., al-Fikr al-Akhlaqi al-‘Arabi. 2 vols. Beirut: al-Ahliyya li’l-Nashr wa’l-Tawzi, 1978. PMid:354821
  18. I. Miskawayh, Tahdhib al-Akhlaq: The Refinement of Character. Translated by C.K. Zurayk. Beirut: American University of Beirut, 1968.
  19. Al-Tusi, “Akhlaq al-Nasiri,” The Nasirean Ethics. Translated by G.M. Wickens. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd, 1964.
  20. Plotinus, “Uthulujiya Aristatalis,” A. R. Badawi, Ed., in Aflatun ‘ind al-‘Arab. Kuwait: Wakala al-Matbu’at, 1977.
  21. Plato, The Republic. Translated with an Introduction by Desmond Lee. London: Penguin Books, 1974.
  22. Plato, Timaeus. Translated by Desmond Lee. London: Penguin Books, London, 1971. PMid:4253705
  23. Aristotle, Magna Moralia. Translated by St. G. Stock in The Complete Works of Aristotle: The Revised Oxford Translation. Jonathan Barnes. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1985.
  24. Ibn Juljul, “Tabaqat al-Atibba’ wa’l-Hukama,” F. Sayyid, Ed., Beirut, Mu’assassa al-Risala, 1985.
  25. F. E. Peters, 1979. “The origin of Islamic platonism: The school tradition,” in Islamic Philosophical Theology. Parviz Morewedge, Ed., Albany: State University of New York Press, 1979.
  26. A. J. Arberry, Revelation and Reason in Islam, London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd, 1957.
  27. E. Rosenthal, Political Thought in Medieval Islam: An Introductory Outline. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1958. https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511735332
  28. Yahya, Tahdhib al-Akhlaq, N. al-Takriti, Ed., in Yahya Ibn ‘Adi: A Critical Edition and Study of his Tahdhib al-Akhlaq. Beirut-Paris: Editions Oueida, 1978.
  29. Al-Mubashshir, B. Fatik, Mukhtar al-Hikam wa-Mahasin al-Kalam, A. R. Badawi, Ed., Madrid: al-Ma’had al-Misri li’l-Dirasat al-Islamiyya, 1958.
  30. M. N. Omar, Christian and Muslim Ethics. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2003.

To Cite this article

M. N. Omar and Z. A. Rahman, “Yahya Ibn ‘Adi on psychotherapy,” International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences, Vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 61-66, 2015.

Effect of Pile Height on Heat Generated during Rotary Bio-drying Process for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)


 Volume 1, Issue 3
KHAJON SOMSAI, TUSANEE TONDEE, SOMRAT KERDSUWAN

Published online: 08 December , 2015
2
Article Views: 32

Abstract

Among Christian scholars who especially distinguished themselves in the 10th/11th century Islamic Baghdad were Yahya Ibn ‘Adi (d.974), Ibn Zur‘ah (d.1008), Ibn al-Khammar (d.1017) and Abu ‘Ali al-Samh (d.1027). Some of these Christian translators were no longer relying on the Caliphs or other patrons of learning, but often found their own means of living which in turn prolonged their own academic interest. Consequently, some of them were no mere translators any more, but genuine scholars. The chief architect among them was Yahya Ibn ‘Adi. He was not only the leader of his group but was also dubbed as the best Christian translator, logician and theologian of his times. This is justified, in addition, by his ample productivity in those fields of enquiry. A considerable number of such works have evidently been used by contemporary and later writers, and have also reached us today. Hence we consider that it is in these aspects that his distinctive contributions to scholarship lie, and therefore he deserves more serious study. Thus, this qualitative study which applies conceptual content analysis method, seeks to make an analytical study of Yahya Ibn ‘Adi’s theory of psychotherapy as reflected in his major work on ethics, Tahdhib al-Akhlaq (The Refinement of Character).

Reference

  1. C. Visvanathan, J. Trankler, C. Chiemchaisri and B. F. A. Basnayake, Municipal Solid Waste Management, Bangkok Thailand, Asian Institue of Technology, 2004. PMCid:PMC427866
  2. F. Adani, D. Baido, E. Calcaterra and P. Genevini, (2002). “The influence of biomass temperature on biostabilization–biodrying of municipal solid waste,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 83, no. 3, pp. 173-179, 2002. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00231-0
  3. S. Navaee-Ardeh, F. Bertrand and P. R. Stuart, “Emerging biodrying technology for the drying of pulp and paper mixed sludges,” Drying Technology, vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 863-878, 2006. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373930600734026
  4. L. M. Shao, Z. H. Ma, H. Zhang, D. Q. Zhang and P. J. He, (2010). “Bio-drying and size sorting of municipal solid waste with high water content for improving energy recovery,” Waste Management, vol. 30, no. 7, pp. 1165-1170, 2010. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2010.01.011 PMid:20106649
  5. B. K. Bartha, “Development of a control strategy for the treatment of biological waste in a dynamic reactor,” PhD Thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 2008.
  6. S. Santosa, I. Santosa, H, Prasetyo and Soemarno, “Design of biodrying MSW reactor,” International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, vol. 11, no. 12, pp. 36-43, 2015.
  7. D. Zhang, H. E. Pinjing, S. H. A. O. Liming, J. I. N. Taifeng and H. A. N. Jingyao, “Biodrying of municipal solid waste with high water content by combined hydrolytic-aerobic technology,” Journal of Environmental Sciences, vol. 20, no. 12, pp. 1534-1540, 2008. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(08)62562-0
  8. C. Malwana, T. K. Weerasinghe and S. Pilapitiya, “Determination of optimal pile dimensions during thermophillic windrow composting of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Sri Lanka,” International Journal of Bioscience,Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, vol. 3, no. 6. pp. 552-556, 2013. https://dx.doi.org/10.7763/IJBBB.2013.V3.274
  9. C. Sundberg, S. Smårs and H. Jönsson, “Low PH as an inhibiting factor in the transition from mesophilic to thermophilic phase in composting,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 95, no. 2, pp. 145-150, 2004. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2004.01.016 PMid:15246438
  10. N. Rich and A. Bharti, “Assessment of different types of in-vessel composters and its effect on stabilization of MSW compost,” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 2395-0056, 2015.
  11. I. Skourides, C. Theophilou, M. Loizides, P. Hood S. R. Smith, “Optimisation of advanced technology for production of consistent auxiliary fuels from biodegradable municipal waste for industrial purposes,” Waste 2006 Sustainable Waste and Resource Management, pp. 19-21, 2006.
  12. L. Rodríguez, M. I. Cerrillo, V. García-Albiach and J. Villase-or, “Domestic sewage sludge composting in a rotary drum reactor: optimizing the thermophilic stage,” Journal of environmental management, vol. 112, pp. 284-291, 2012. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.08.005 PMid:22940458

To Cite this article

K. Somsai., T. Tondee., and S. Kerdsuwan, “Effect of pile height on heat generated during rotary bio-drying process for municipal solid waste (MSW),” International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences, Vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 67-78, 2015.

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences

DOI: 10.20469/ijaps unnamed
ISSN: 2414-8946  (Online)
Abbreviated key title: Int. j. appl. phys. sci.

Publication Frequency : 2 issues per year

1

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences (IJAPS)

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences (IJAPS) is published by KKG Publishing. IJAPS is a double-blind peer-reviewed journal that is committed to advancing the field of physical and applied sciences. Studies from different fields of physical and applied sciences are published by IJAPS. The journal contributes to the field of earth sciences, mathematics, chemistry, astronomy, natural sciences, and physics. In comparison with other journals in applied sciences, IJAPS has distinct position as it highly encourages interdisciplinary studies. From all the fields of applied and physical sciences original submissions are invited by IJAPS.

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences

DOI: 10.20469/ijaps unnamed
ISSN: 2414-8946  (Online)
Abbreviated key title: Int. j. appl. phys. sci.

Publication Frequency : 2 issues per year

1

Extraction of Residual Sugars from Sweet Pearl Millet and Sweet Sorghum Bagasse for an Eventual Production of Bioethanol


   Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2015     Pages 14-18
Saïed, Noura1, Khelifi, Mohamed2, Aider, Mohammed3, Bertrand, Annick4

Published online: 21 june 2015
Article Views: 29

Abstract

Bioethanol represents a promising alternative to gasoline given that fossil fuels reserves are witnessing an important depletion in the last few years. This paper addresses improving sugars extraction from two energy crops, sweet sorghum and sweet pearl millet, for an eventual production of ethanol. The stalks of these C4 plants are indeed rich of fermentable sugars essentially sucrose, fructose, and glucose. After being finely chopped, the biomass was pressed with a hydraulic press and the obtained bagasse was pressed again to extract residual sugars. The bagasse was first humidified either with the juice obtained from the first pressing or with water (ratio 1:1 w/w). Thereafter, the wetted bagasse was pressed immediately, after 30 minutes or after 60 minutes. For both crops, results showed that the humidification’s duration has no effect on the extraction of residual sugars from the bagasse. The use of water was however more efficient then recycling the first pressing’s juice. Indeed, additional 33.4 and 29% of the total fermentable sugars were extracted from sweet sorghum and sweet pearl millet bagasse, respectively, when using water.

Reference

[1] EIA (Energy Information Administration) (2015). International energy statistics. Renewables. Biofuels production [Online]. Available at https://www.eia.gov/.
[2] G. Koçar and N. Civaş, “An overview of biofuels from energy crops: Current status and future prospects. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 28, pp. 900-916, 2013.
[3] CRFA (2014). Plant locations–Canadian renewable fuels association: Industry information [Online]. Available at https://www.greenfuels.org/en/industry-information/plants.aspx
[4] A. Bouchard, A. Vanasse, P. Seguin and G. Bélanger, “Yield and composition of sweet pearl millet as affected by row spacing and seeding rate,” Agronomy Journal, Vol. 103, no. 4, pp. 995-1001, 2011.
[5] V. H. Teeter, D. V. Duclos, E. T. Wittenberg, K. M. Young, J. Chawhuaymak, M. R. Riley and D. T. Ray, “Effects of planting date on sugar and ethanol yield of sweet sorghum grown in Arizona,” Industrial Crops and Products, Vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 1293-1300, 2011.
[6] C. G. Coble, R. P. Egg and I. Schmulevich, “Processing techniques for ethanol production from sweet sorghum,” Biomass, Vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 111 -117, 1984.
[7] Y. L. A. Zhao, Y. Dolat, X. Steinberger, X. Wang, A. Osman and G. H. Xie, “Biomass yield and changes in chemical composition of sweet sorghum cultivars grown for biofuel,” Field Crops Research, Vol. 111, no. 1, pp. 55-64, 2009.
[8] G. Basavaraj, P. P. Rao, K. Basu, C. R. Reddy, A. A. Kumar, P. S. Rao and B. V. S. Reddy, “Assessing viability of bio-ethanol production from sweet sorghum in India,” Energy Policy, 56, 501 -508, 2013.
[9] E. Billa, D. P. Koullas, B. Monties and E. G. Koukios, “Stucture and compostion of sweet sorghum stalk components,” Industrial
Crops and Products, Vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 297-302, 1997.
[10] J. R. N. Taylor, “Grain Production andnd Consumption/Africa,” Encyclopedia of Grain Science, pp. 70-77, 2004. 18 S. Noura, K. Mohamed, A. Mohammed, B. Annick – Extraction of …. 2015
[11] S. K. Gulia, J. P. Wilson, J. Carter and B. P. Singh, “Progress in Grain Pearl Millet Research and Market Development: Issues in New Crops and New Uses. ASHS Press. Alexandria, VA, 2007, pp. 196-203.
[12] D. J. Andrew, and K. A. Kumar, “Pear millet for food, feed and forage,” Advances in Agronomy, Vol. 48, no. 90, pp. 89-139, 1992.
[13] V. Leblanc, A. Vanasse, G. Bélanger and P. Seguin, “Sweet pearl millet yields and nutritive value as influenced by fertilization and
harvest dates,” Agronomy Journal, Vol. 104, no. 2, pp. 542-549, 2012.
[14] W. L. Bryan, G. E. Monroe and G. J. Gascho, “Juice expression from sweet sorghum cultivars of different fiber content,” Transactions of the ASAE, Vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 980-985, 1985.
[15] A. Badalov, “Processing of sweet sorghum for bioethanol production,” WIPO Publication Number, WO 2008/029163, 2008.
[16] S. Arnd, “Invertases. Primary structures, functions, and roles in plant development and sucrose partitioning,” Plant Physiology, Vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1 -7, 1999.

To Cite this article

S. Noura, K. Mohamed, A. Mohammed, B. Annick. 2015, “Extraction of residual sugars from sweet pearl
millet and sweet sorghum bagasse for an eventual production of bioethanol,” International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences, Vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 14-18.

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences

DOI: 10.20469/ijaps unnamed
ISSN: 2414-8946  (Online)
Abbreviated key title: Int. j. appl. phys. sci.

Publication Frequency : 2 issues per year

1

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences (IJAPS)

Guidelines for Authors

 

Authors are required to prepare manuscripts in accordance with the Journal’s style guides for authors that appear below. If authors do not follow the guidelines then their manuscript will be sent to them for revision prior to submission to the full review process.

Guidelines

  • Use 12 size font of Time New Romans
  • Page setting should be 81/2X11
  • Document should be double space
  • Page number in the upper- right corner
  • One inch margins should be left from top and side
  • All paragraphs should be left aligned
  • All manuscripts must be submitted in Microsoft Word

 

Publication of Accepted Articles

Accepted papers are copy-edited. Authors review edits in page proofs. IJAPS’s copy editor–production manager will contact you after the acceptance of your manuscript for publication.

 

Front Pages

Address: Title page should be added (this is not included with submissions under review) only for final versions of accepted manuscripts. Author’s names, affiliation, your work and complete addresses must be mention in your manuscripts. Example:

 

 

COLOR METALLOGRAPHY OF ZIRCONIUM

Current University

School and/or Department

Building and/or Street

City, State, Zip Code

Tel: (000) 000-0000

Fax: (000) 000-0000

E-mail: scholar@univ.edu

 

Acknowledgment

Add a note at the bottom of front page, if you wish to acknowledge financial support, any other assistance, or the constructive feedback provided by the reviewers or the editor.

 

Abstract.

An abstract of 100-200 words and the title of the work go on page 2.

 

 

 

Headings and Sections

IJAPS uses only three levels of headings. Use bold- face for all three. Main headings (all capital letters; centered) are first. Second-level headings (title-style letters; flush left) are next. Third-level headings (first letter of first word capitalized; indented; italicized; and run into paragraph) are next. Don’t skip steps: no second-level headings before you use a first-level heading, for instance. Use second- and third-level headings in sets of two or more.

Examples:

 

METHODS                                                                                                               [1st level]

Data and Sample                                                                                                       [2nd level]

Measures                                                                                                                    [2nd level]

Independent variable                                                                                                  [3rd level]

Dependent variables                                                                                                   [3rd level]

 

Footnotes

Use footnotes placed on their respective pages (not endnotes).

 

Hypotheses

If your study contains any hypothesis, fully and separately state each hypothesis you tested separately. Phrase it in the present tense.


Abbreviations and Language

Avoid use of abbreviations. If it is necessary then use full name for the first time and then use abbreviations in the subsequent paragraphs.

 

Tables and Figures
Tables and figures can enhance both the reader’s understanding of information and the efficiency of its presentation. However, just as too many figures and tables can detract from the overall narrative, we encourage the judicious use of tables and figures and we discourage their overuse.

Number tables and figures consecutively (one series for tables, one for figures). Place them at the end of your manuscript, but indicate the position of each in the text as follows:

 

————————————

Insert Table 2 about here

————————————

 

Figures, unlike tables, contain drawings (e.g., an arrow, boxes). Make sure your figures print out clearly so that they can be scanned. Do not use color. Sample Tables and a Figure are given below.

 

 

Fig. 1. WSN performance under sensor faults and fault-tolerance: (a) the number of remaining sensors in each cluster; (b) communication cost when fr = 50%.

 

Reservoir Size Operating Cost ($)
10 270.54
30 225.33
50 124.45
70 39.57
90 22.34
100 43.32

Table 1

Operating Costs of Costal Reservoirs

 

Citations

These are your in-text, in parentheses, identifications of other research. Every work that has a citation needs to have a corresponding reference (see “References,” below). Examples:

Name and year— several studies (Arnold, 1994; Bruce, 2013; Lei, 1995a, 1995b) support this conclusion.

Year only—But David and Xie (1999) presented conflicting evidence.

Order. Order citations alphabetically. Designate two or more works by one author (or by an identical group of authors) published in the same year by adding “a,” “b,” and so forth, after the year. See the “name and year” example above.

Multiple authors. If a work has two authors, give both names every time you cite it. For three through six authors, give all names the first time, then use “et al.” in citations.

Examples:

First citation — (Foster, Whittington, Tucker, Horner, Hubbard, & Grimm, 2000).

Subséquent citation — (Foster et al., 2000)

For seven or more authors, use “et al.” even for the first citation. (But the corresponding reference should give all the names.)

Page numbers in citations. Use this format: Writing a book is “a long and arduous task” (Xie, 1992: 3).

Citation with no author. For an article with no author, cite the periodical as author. Example:

Periodical as author —Economic Analyst predict a significant decrease in unemployment rates (Wall Street Journal, 1999).

For reports, handbooks, and the like, cite the “corporate author” that produced them. Example:

Organization as author—Analysts predict an increase in service jobs in the U.S. Industrial Outlook (U.S. Department of Commerce, 1992). Such sources can also be identified informally. No corresponding reference will then be needed.

Example:

Informal citation—According to the 1999 U.S. Industrial Outlook, published by the U.S. Department of Commerce, service jobs will increase.

Electronic sources.

Use a regular citation (author, year) if you can identify an author of one of the types discussed above (human, periodical, or corporate). If not, give the web address that was your source in parentheses. No corresponding reference need be used in the latter case.

References

References are your entries in the alphabetical list at the end of your article or research note. This list should include only work you have cited.

Order. Alphabetize references by the last name of a sole author, a first author, or an editor, or by the name of a corporate author (for instance, U.S. Census Bureau) or periodical (such as the Wall Street Journal) if there is no human author or editor. Order works by an identical author by year of publication, listing the earliest first.

If the years of publication are also the same, differentiate entries by adding small letters (“a,” “b,” etc.) after the years. Repeat the author’s name for each entry.

Books.

Follow this form: Last names, initials (separated by a space). Year.

Title (Boldface italic, capitalize only the first letter of the first word and of the first word after a long dash or colon.) City where published: Name of publisher. (For small U.S. and Canadian cities, follow the name of the city with the postal abbreviation for the state or province; for small cities in other countries, give the full name of the country.) Examples

Granovetter, M. S. 1965. Ozone layer and the Environment. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Kahn, R. L., & Boulding, E. (Eds.). 1964. Water Reservoirs and Environmental Sustainability. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.

Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. 1978. Use of algorithms in Chemical Reactions (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.

National Center for Education Statistics. 1992. Digest of education statistics. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.

Periodicals.

Follow this form: Authors’ last names, initials. Year. Title (regular type; same single-capital rule as for books). Name of Periodical (boldface italic, title-style capitalization), volume number (issue number, if needed—see below): page numbers. Examples:

Shrivastava, P. 1995. The role of corporations in achieving ecological sustainability.

Annaul Reviews of Chemistry, 20: 936 –960.

Nonaka, I. 1991. The knowledge-creating company. Harvard Business Review,

69(6): 96 –104.

Include an issue number only if every issue of the referenced periodical begins with a page numbered

  1. (Look at more than one issue to check.)

If an article has no author, the periodical is referenced. Examples:

BusinessWeek. 1998. The best B-schools. October 19: 86 –94.

Chemical Reactions. 2003. How are we doing? 81(4): 3.

Chapters in books.

Follow this form: Authors’ last names, initials. Year. Title of chapter (regular type, single-capital rule. In Editors’ initials and last names (Eds.), Title of book: Page numbers. City (same rules as above): Publisher. Examples:

Levitt, B., & March, J. G. 1988. Chemical Reactions. In W. R. Scott & J. F. Short (Eds.), Annals of Mathematics, vol. 14: 319 –340. Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews.

Dutton, J., Bartunek, J., & Gersick, C. 1996. Applied Physics. In P. Frost & S. Taylor (Eds.), Rhythms of academic life: 239 –248. London: Sage.

Unpublished works.

These include working papers, dissertations, and papers presented at meetings.

Examples:

Duncan, R. G. 1971. Multiple decision-making structures in adapting to environmental uncertainty.

Working paper no. 54 –71, Northwestern University Graduate School of Physics, Evanston, IL


Guidelines for submitting figures/images:

Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
Line illustrations should be submitted at 900 dpi.
Halftones and color should be submitted at a minimum of 300 dpi.
Save as either TIF, JPG files.

Black and White art must be submitted as grayscale – not RGB.
PowerPoint or Excel files should NOT be submitted.

 

Language editing Services for Authors

Separate English editing charges will be applied to authors that require extensive English language editing or formatting. For details of language editing charges, please contact contact@kkgpublishing.com. Non-English speaking authors who would like to refine their use of language in their manuscripts might consider using a professional editing service. In order to enhance the chances of acceptance of a manuscript by the peer-reviewers, non-native English speaking colleagues are encouraged to use professional English editing services before submitting a manuscript. The professional editing services may be acquired from other English-language editing firms as well, such as Editage (www.editage.com) and Enago (https://www.enago.com)

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences

DOI: 10.20469/ijaps unnamed
ISSN: 2414-8946  (Online)
Abbreviated key title: Int. j. appl. phys. sci.

Publication Frequency : 2 issues per year

1

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International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences

DOI: 10.20469/ijaps unnamed
ISSN: 2414-8946  (Online)
Abbreviated key title: Int. j. appl. phys. sci.

Publication Frequency : 2 issues per year

1

International Journal of Applied and Physical Science (IJAPS)

Manuscript Submission Guidelines

 

Information for Authors

All submissions should be done thorough Word Processing file from which title page (including author name and affiliation and any acknowledgments or author notes) must be removed. After removing the author(s) detail go to the web site here and follow the directions. Each article usually has two part, i. Main Manuscript and ii. Title Page not for Review. The manuscript should include everything (i.e. title, abstract, key words, introduction, literature review, methods, results, findings references, tables and graphs) other then the authors, names, affiliation, addresses, acknowledgements, and any other information that may be used to identify the author(s).

 

Criteria for Publication

For the publication in IJAPS, a manuscript must make strong theoretical and empirical contributions to the field of applied and physical sciences. Authors who are interested in publishing with IJAPS should strive to produce original, interesting, valuable, insightful, and important research. The acceptance of article for publication highly depends upon the originality, value, importance, and significance. Submissions that do not have strong theoretical or empirical contribution will not be reviewed.

Each submitted manuscript would be assigned to action editor for evaluation. The action editor will decide whether to forward the manuscript to the reviewers. Typically, papers should be no longer than 40 double-spaced pages (using one-inch margins, left aligned, and Times New Roman 12-point font) including references, tables, figures, and appendixes.

 

Submission Requirements

Before submitting a manuscript to IJAPS, the authors must make sure and confirm that

  • Their manuscript has not already been published, reviewed and submitted to any other journal during the review period at IJAPS. Articles presented and published in the proceedings of any academic conferences or workshops will be considered for publication in IJAPS.
  • Their manuscript has not previously been submitted to IJAPS for review.
  • The working papers or prior drafts of submitted manuscript that are posted on a website (e.g., personal, departmental, university, organizational) or a database will be taken down during the review process.

 

Peer Review Process and Time

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences (IJAPS) operates a strictly anonymous peer-review process in which the reviewers’ names are withheld from the author(s) and, the authors’ name from the reviewer.

 

Desk Review: On receiving a manuscript, the editor conducts a preliminary screening to assess the degree to which the manuscript fits the criteria in IJAPS’s ‘Aims and Scope’. Submissions that fail to satisfy our criteria may be returned to the authors either as a desk reject or desk edit. In case of desk edit, the authors are asked to edit the manuscript and then resubmit.

 

Review process: For each manuscript that passes the desk review, the editor assigns an action editor (either him- or herself or an associate editor or a guest editor) and two reviewers. The manuscript’s action editor sends the manuscript to two reviewers who are specialists in their fields for review. After receiving the reviewers’ comments on the manuscript, the action editor makes publication decisions about it. However, these decisions are made in conjunction with recommendations provided by the reviewers. All submission is blind reviewed; manuscripts prepared in a way that compromises blind review may be returned for revision prior to being submitted to the reviewers.

 

Review Time: The journal strives to provide developmental and constructive feedback to authors within approximately five weeks. The peer-review process usually takes four weeks depending upon the manuscript size and availability of the editorial members. However, the initial quality of the manuscript can dramatically influence both the efficiency and effexctiveness of review process. The better developed a manuscript and the ideas it contains, the easier it will be to review, and provide timely feedback to authors. We therefore encourage authors to ask scholarly colleagues to review their work prior to submission to the IJAPS.

The Guidelines for Reviewers can be viewed here.

The submissions made to the conferences organized by our associated organizations generally do not go through peer-review process because the submissions made to our associated conferences already go through a rigorous review process. For manuscripts already presented at our associated conferences, the action editor usually makes a decision for possible acceptance, rejection or revision.

 

Formatting

IJAPS uses APA style guide for in-text Citations, Tables, Figures/Images, References, and Appendixes. All submissions are required to be formatted according to the guidelines available here. The action editor may return manuscripts that do not commensurate with the formatting guidelines to the authors for revision prior to submission to the full review process.

 

Language Editing-Author Services

For authors who are non-native English speakers writing in English as a second language, KKG Publishing offers language editing, or ‘polishing’ of academic papers, including manuscripts, journal articles, abstracts, and dissertations. Upon acceptance your manuscript will be checked for correct grammar, spelling, style, sentence structure, and readability.

 

Licensing information and permissions

Requests for reproduction or translating individual articles should be sent to contact@kkgpublishing.com

For reprint permission and licensing inquiries, please contact: contact@kkgpublishing.com

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences

DOI: 10.20469/ijaps unnamed
ISSN: 2414-8946  (Online)
Abbreviated key title: Int. j. appl. phys. sci.

Publication Frequency : 2 issues per year

1

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Agents who wish to make a purchase on behalf of their client institutions can write an email to subscription manager at (sales@kkgpublications.com).

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences

DOI: 10.20469/ijaps unnamed
ISSN: 2414-8946  (Online)
Abbreviated key title: Int. j. appl. phys. sci.

Publication Frequency : 2 issues per year

1

Editorial board

Editorial Board For International Journal Of Applied And Physical Studies 

 

 

Offlia D. GironDepartment of Chemistry, University of the Philippines Baguio, Philippines.

Pararajasingham PeratheepanDepartment of Physics, Eastern University, Sri Lanka.

Maurice Owino OduorDepartment of Mathematics and Computer, University of Kabianga, Kenya.

Elahe Aminifar- Department of Mathematics, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Iran.

Dr.S. B. Singh- Dept.of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Sciences, Govind Ballabh Pant University Of Agriculture and Technology, India.

Viktoriia KomarystaDepartment of Botany and Plant Ecology, University of Kharkiv, Ukraine.

Rabindra Nath MondalDepartment of Mathematics, Jagannath University, Bangladesh.

Animesh Sarkar-Department of Nuclear physics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Iran.

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences

DOI: 10.20469/ijaps unnamed
ISSN: 2414-8946  (Online)
Abbreviated key title: Int. j. appl. phys. sci.

Publication Frequency : 2 issues per year

1

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences (IJAPS)

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences (IJAPS) is a double-blind peer-reviewed journal that is committed to advancing the field of physical and applied sciences. Studies from different fields of physical and applied sciences are published by us. IJAPS contributes to the field of earth sciences, mathematics, chemistry, astronomy, natural sciences, and physics. IJAPS publishes original quantitative studies, reviews, letters, informative articles, brief communication, experimental studies, case studies and articles of professional interest. Six issues are published in a year by IJAPS.

International Journal For Applied and Physical Sciences

International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences

DOI: 10.20469/ijaps unnamed
ISSN: 2414-8946  (Online)
Abbreviated key title: Int. j. appl. phys. sci.

Publication Frequency : 2 issues per year

1

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