Toxoplasmosis is an infection largely distributed around the world caused by Toxoplasma gondii. The reactivation of the latent parasite related to profound immunosuppression constitutes a health problem, particularly in HIV patients and other immunocompromised patients. Various clinical features are observed, but the most frequent are neurotoxoplasmosis, pulmonary toxoplasmosis, and ocular toxoplasmosis. The laboratory diagnosis is not based on serology tests because of the limited results in this kind of patient. Serology can help only to predict the reactivation of infection. The confirmation of diagnosis consists of demonstrating the parasite in different samples or the detection of toxoplasma-DNA by polymerase chain reaction PCR.

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