Demographic Profiles and Procrastination of Employees: Relationships and Determinants



   Volume 7, Issue 1
John Mark R. Asio, Erin E. Riego de Dios

Published online: 29 March 2021

Abstract

Procrastination is a plague that affects an individual’s working attitude and behavior. In relation, the organization will also suffer and its constituents along the way. This study assessed the demographic profile and the degree of procrastination among selected employees from a higher education institution in Central Luzon, Philippines. The study used a descriptive-correlational design with an adapted questionnaire from McCkloskey (2011) as an instrument. A total of 70 individuals took part in the survey, wherein the researcher used convenience sampling. The study found that the administrative office and faculty respondents were equal in number; they belong to the age bracket of 21-30 years old; dominated by males, and are single with 1-5 years in service. Also, based on their response, the respondents often subject themselves to procrastination. In addition, there was also an indirect relationship between procrastination and civil status. Furthermore, regression analysis determined that age and civil status is a significant predictor of procrastination. Based on the aforementioned results, the researcher concluded that certain demographic profiles determine the procrastination of an employee. Lastly, the study provided some pertinent recommendation which will benefit both the employees and the organization.

Reference

  1. Abbasi, I. S., & Alghamdi, N. G. (2015). The prevalence, predictors, causes, treatment, and implications of procrastination behaviors in general, academic, and work setting. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 7(1), 59–66. doi:https://doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v7n1p59
  2. Ahmad, Z., & Hussain, M. M. (2020). Can gender moderate the relationship of mindfulness, procrastination and job performance among telecom employees? Review of Economics and Development Studies, 6(3), 557–566. doi:https://doi.org/10.47067/reads.v6i3.246
  3. Akbarnejhad, H., & Ghahari, S. (2017). Relationship between spirituality-based lifestyle and procrastination among employed women in iran. Biology and Medicine, 9(1), 1-12.
  4. Alblwi, A., McAlaney, J., Al Thani, D. A. S., Phalp, K., & Ali, R. (2021). Procrastination on social media: predictors of types, triggers and acceptance of countermeasures. Social Network Analysis and Mining, 11(1), 1–18.
  5. Anuran, A., Buenviaje, M. G., Encio, H. A., & Refozar, R. F. G. (2016). Academic performance and application level of acquired learning and student outcomes from MBA courses towards the attainment of personal growth. Asia Pacific Journal of Academic Research in Social Sciences, 1, 30–44.
  6. Bacong, C. I. M., & Encio, H. A. (2017). Effect of employee relation to job performance in engineering, construction and manufacturing company. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, Arts and Sciences, 4(2), 103–111.
  7. Bala, R., Sood, S., & Singh, S. (2021). Passive leadership styles and perceived procrastination in leaders: A PLS-SEM approach. World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 17(1), 20-28. doi:https://doi.org/10.1504/wremsd.2021.10034244
  8. Balkis, M., & Duru, E. (2019). Procrastination and rational/irrational beliefs: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 37(3), 299–315. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-019-00314-6
  9. Beutel, M. E., Klein, E. M., Aufenanger, S., Brähler, E., Dreier, M., Müller, K. W., . . . Stark, B. (2016). Procrastination, distress and life satisfaction across the age range–a german representative community study. PloS one, 11(2), 14-18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148054
  10. Cadena, X., Schoar, A., Cristea, A., & Delgado-Medrano, H. M. (2011). Fighting procrastination in the workplace: An experiment (Tech. Rep.). Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
  11. Çetin, O. I., & Kumkale, ̇I. (2017). The relation between procrastination and task performance. Journal of Current Researches on Business and Economics, 7(2), 193–206. doi:https://doi.org/10.26579/jocrebe-7.2.11
  12. Chauhan, R. S., MacDougall, A. E., Buckley, M. R., Howe, D. C., Crisostomo, M. E., & Zeni, T. (2020). Better late than early? Reviewing procrastination in organizations. Management Research Review, 43(10), 1289-1308. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-09-2019-0413
  13. De Castro, E. L., Prenda, M. T. B., Laguador, J. M., & Pesigan, M. (2015). Mental ability, work behavior and trait survey of high and low performing first year computer engineering students. Asian Journal of Educational Research, 3(4), 1-9.
  14. Dutta, R., & Truax, J. (2018). How pervasive are procrastination and delay behaviors in young adults and what is the role of perceived parenting? North American Journal of Psychology, 20(2), 355-382.
  15. Elfil, M., & Negida, A. (2017). Sampling methods in clinical research; An educational review. Emergency, 5(1), e52-e54.
  16. Etikan, I., Musa, S., & Alkassim, R. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1-4. doi:https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
  17. Ferrari, J. R., & Landreth, N. (2014). “Guess I am a procrastinator”: Self and other perceptions among rural US citizens. North American Journal of Psychology, 16(1), 1-10.
  18. Fuertes, M. C. M., Jose, B. M. D., Nem Singh, M. A. A., Rubio, P. E. P., & de Guzman, A. B. (2020). The moderating effects of information overload and academic procrastination on the information avoidance behavior among Filipino undergraduate thesis writers. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 52(3), 694–712. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0961000619871608
  19. Hall, N. C., Lee, S. Y., & Rahimi, S. (2019). Self-efficacy, procrastination, and burnout in post-secondary faculty: An international longitudinal analysis. PloS One, 14(12), 16-26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226716
  20. Hen, M. (2018). Causes for procrastination in a unique educational workplace. Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community, 46(3), 215–227. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2018.1470144
  21. Hen, M., Goroshit, M., & Viengarten, S. (2021). How decisional and general procrastination relate to procrastination at work: An investigation of office and non-office workers. Personality and Individual Differences, 172, 1-6. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110581
  22. Hicks, R. E., & Storey, J. (2015). Can procrastination be effective? A study of white-collar employees and university students. International Journal of Business Research, 15(1), 39–48. doi:https://doi.org/10.18374/IJBR-15-1.4
  23. Kastiya, S., & Sharma, A. (2020). Impact of internet addiction on workplace procrastination: An empirical study on millennial employees. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 13(1), 45–58. doi:https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2020/v13i1/149947
  24. Khattak, A. N., & Ilyas, M. (2017). Task procrastination: Overcoming through re-establishment of psychological association. Journal of Business Strategies, 11(2), 73–88.
  25. Klingsieck, K. B. (2013). Procrastination: When good things dont come to those who wait. European Psychologist, 8(1), 2434. doi:https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000138
  26. Kovacs, G., Gregory, D. M., Ma, Z., Wu, Z., Emami, G., Ray, J., & Bernstein, M. S. (2019). Conservation of procrastination: Do productivity interventions save time or just redistribute it? In Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, New York, NY (pp. 1–12).
  27. Kühnel, J., Sonnentag, S., Bledow, R., & Melchers, K. G. (2018). The relevance of sleep and circadian misalignment for procrastination among shift workers. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 91(1), 110–133. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12191
  28. Lau, F. (2017). Methods for correlational studies. In Handbook of ehealth evaluation: An evidence-based approach [internet]. Victoria, Canada: University of Victoria.
  29. Legood, A., Lee, A., Schwarz, G., & Newman, A. (2018). From self-defeating to other defeating: Examining the effects of leader procrastination on follower work outcomes. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 91(2), 430–439. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12205
  30. Lin, H., et al. (2018). The effect of inclusive leadership on employees procrastination. Psychology, 9(4), 714-720. doi:https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2018.94045
  31. Mariano, A. B. C., & Janio, R. V. (2018). Above and beyond: A look at library clients past regular hours. PAARL Research Journal, 5(98-111), 98-106.
  32. McCkloskey, J. D. (2011). Finally, my thesis on academic procrastination (Tech. Rep.). The University of Texas, Austin, TX.
  33. Metin, U. B., Peeters, M. C., & Taris, T. W. (2018). Correlates of procrastination and performance at work: The role of having good fit. Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community, 46(3), 228–244. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2018.1470187
  34. Nartea, M., Gabriel, M., Samala, H. R., & Javier, R. (2020). Millenials procrastination: Factors and its relation to academic performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 8(3), 107-114.
  35. Nomura, M., & Ferrari, J. R. (2018). Factor structure of a japanese version of the adult inventory of procrastination scale: Delay is not culture specifics. North American Journal of Psychology, 20(1), 223-238.
  36. Pearlman-Avnion, S., & Zibenberg, A. (2018). Prediction and job-related outcomes of procrastination in the workplace. Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community, 46(3), 263–278. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2018.1470418
  37. Prem, R., Scheel, T. E., Weigelt, O., Hoffmann, K., & Korunka, C. (2018). Procrastination in daily working life: A diary study on within-person processes that link work characteristics to workplace procrastination. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 10-11. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01087
  38. Richardson, A. (2018). Balanced scheduling to reduce procrastination. Student Research Proceedings, 3(1), 1-10.
  39. Salehi, R. (2020). Effect of ACT on work procrastination and work performance. Preventive Counseling, 1(1), 33-46.
  40. Sarirah, T., & Chaq, S. A. (2019). Academic self-efficacy as a predictor toward decisional procrastination among college students preparing a thesis in Indonesia. Journal of Advanced Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 4(1), 23-28. doi:https://doi.org/10.26500/jarssh-04-2019-0104

To Cite this article

Asio, J. M. R. & Dios, E. E. R. (2021). Demographic Profiles and Procrastination of Employees: Relationships and Determinants. International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 7(1), 36-45. https://dx.doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.7.20004-1