The Impact of Self-improvement (Etqan) on Employees Effectiveness Case of Jordan
Volume 6, Issue 6 Alobidyeen Buthina
Published online:22 December 2020
Article Views:30
AbstractReferencesCite
This paper presents an analysis of the impact of the Arab Islamic culture self-improvement (Etqan) on employees’ effectiveness in one of the important private sectors, Jordanian commercial banks, with depth from the employees’ perspective. To achieve integration as the key to building noble beliefs and morals based on religious values, spiritual competencies can play a major role (Nasution, 2019). According to Ababneh and Avramenko (2016), it has been largely ignored in work organization the influence of religion on administration practices and its role in human behaviour. This paper tries to shed light by considering its impact on institutional performance and employee’s effectiveness. In a reign as Jordan, religion is a core element in people daily base, as its support from the government. A benefit is a prevalent behaviour inside and outside the work environment (Buthina, Hefin, Brychan, & Caryn, 2020). The question is ’what is the degree of influence of practising religious practices? This study examines the impact of self-improvement (Etqan) on Arab Islamic culture and employees’ effectiveness. This is one of the more critical areas to explore, as it plays a key role in communities and is arguably the most important private sector impacting the economy there. Data were analyzed from employees from five commercial banks in Jordan with a sample size of 174. Therefore, statistical tests were utilized to test the hypotheses of this study. The empirical results of the research show there is a statistically significant effect of Self-Improvement (Etqan) on HR performance in commercial banks in Jordan. Only a few studies focus on validating Western models through Islamic principles. The current study sheds light on the reality of the Western cultural impact on organizations and their apparent adaptation to Western management practices and exploring and reflecting on the impact on organizational performance in general and employees’ effectiveness.
Aba Al-Khail, S. (2004). The sources of the Islamic Religino and its most outstanding merits and virtues. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: King Fahad National Library.
Ababneh, H. T., & Avramenko, A. (2016). Impact of Islamic values on HRM practices: An empirical study of Jordanian universities. International Journal of Business Excellence, 10(1), 1–19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBEX.2016.077625
Abbasi, A. S., Akhter, W., & Umar, S. (2011). Ethical issues in advertising in Pakistan: An Islamic perspective. World Applied Sciences Journal, 13(3), 444–452.
Abbasi, A. S., Mir, G. M., & Hussain, M. (2012). Islamic work ethics: How it affects organizational learning, innovation and performance. Actual Problems of Economics, 12, 471-480.
Abdul Cader, A. (2017). Islamic principles of conflict management: A model for human resource management. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 17(3), 345–363. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1470595817740912
Ahmad, H. (1976). Islam: Its meaning and message. London, UK: Islamic council of Europe.
Ahmad, K., & Ogunsola, O. (2011). An empirical assessment of Islamic leadership principles. International Journal of Commerce and Management, 21(3), 291-318. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/10569211111165325
Akkermans, D., Harzing, A.-W., & Van Witteloostuijn, A. (2010). Cultural accommodation and language priming. Management International Review, 50(5), 559–583. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-010-0053-0
Al-Husan, F. Z. B., Brennan, R., & James, P. (2009). Transferring Western HRM practices to developing countries. Personnel Review, 38(2), 104-123. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480910931299
Ali, A. J. (1990). Management theory in a transitional society: The Arab’s experience. International Studies of Management & Organization, 20(3), 7–35. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00208825.1990.11656534
Ali, A. J., & Weir, D. (2005). Islamic perspectives on management and organization. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 2(3), 410-415. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14766080509518602
Altarawneh, G., & Lucas, M. (2012). Understanding the dominance of Western accounting and neglect of Islamic accounting in Islamic countries. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 3(2), 99-120. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/17590811211265920
Al-Zyoud, M. S. N. (2009). The impact of globalization on Jordan society. Dirasat: Educational Sciences, 36(1), 174-184.
Aycan, Z., Kanungo, R., Mendonca, M., Yu, K., Deller, J., Stahl, G., & Kurshid, A. (2000). Impact of culture on human resource management practices: A 10-country comparison. Applied Psychology, 49(1), 192–221. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1464-0597.00010
Branine, M., & Pollard, D. (2010). Human resource management with Islamic management principles: A dialectic for a reverse diffusion in management. Personnel Review, 39(6), 712–727. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011075576
Budhwar, P., & Mellahi, K. (2007). Introduction: Human resource management in the Middle East. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18(1), 2–10. doi:https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203485828
Budhwar, P. S., & Mellahi, K. (2010). Introduction: Islam and human resource management. Personnel Review, 39(6), 685-691. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011075558
Buthina, A., Hefin, R., Brychan, T., & Caryn, C. (2020). Impact of Arab Islamic culture on employees’ effectiveness from the employees’ perspective in commercial banks case of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. International Journal of Business and Administrative Studies, 6(3), 162-170. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.20469/ijbas.6.10005-3
Dadfar, H. (1993). In search of arab management direction and identity. In First Arab Management Conference, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.
Dana, L. P. (2009). Religion as an explanatory variable for entrepreneurship. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 10(2), 87–99.
Denison, D. R., & Mishra, A. K. (1995). Toward a theory of organizational culture and effectiveness. Organization Science, 6(2), 204–223. doi:https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.6.2.204
Golafshani, N. (2003). Understanding reliability and validity in qualitative research. The Qualitative Report, 8(4), 597–607.
Hofstede, G., Neuijen, B., Ohayv, D. D., & Sanders, G. (1990). Measuring organizational cultures: A qualitative and quantitative study across twenty cases. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(2), 286–316. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/2393392
Hoque, N., Mamun, A., & Mamun, A. M. A. (2014). Dynamics and traits of entrepreneurship: An Islamic approach. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 10(2), 128-142. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/WJEMSD-04-2013-0027
House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The globe study of 62 societies. New York, NY: Sage publications.
Jaeger, A. M., & Kanungo, R. N. (1990). Management in developing countries. London, UK: Routledge.
Joppe, G. (2000). Testing reliability and validity of research instruments. Journal of American Academy of Business Cambridge, 4(1/2), 49–54.
King Jr, J. E., Bell, M. P., & Lawrence, E. (2009). Religion as an aspect of workplace diversity: An examination of the US context and a call for international research. Journal of Management, Spirituality and Religion, 6(1), 43–57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14766080802648631
Kumar, N., & Rose, R. C. (2010). Examining the link between Islamic work ethic and innovation capability. Journal of Management Development, 29(1), 79-93. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/02621711011009081
Mendonca, M., & Kanungo, R. N. (1994). Managing human resources: The issue of cultural fit. Journal of Management Inquiry, 3(2), 189–205. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/105649269432010
Mendoza, L. S., & Gempes, G. P. (2018). Quality of work life of food chain employees in region XI: A causal model. Journal of Administrative and Business Studies, 4(2), 90-108. doi:https://doi.org/10.20474/jabs-4.2.4
Nasr, S. H. (1984). Islamic work ethics. Hamdard Islamicus, 7(4), 25-35.
Nasution, D. (2019). The effect of implementation Islamic values and employee work discipline on the performance of Moslem religious employees at regional financial management in the North Sumatera provincial government. In International Halal Conference & Exhibition, Medan, Indonesia.
Pew Research Center. (2015). The future of world religions: Population growth projections: 2010-2050. Washington, DC, WA: Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project.
Pew Research Center. (2017). The changing global religious landscape. Washington, DC., WA: Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project.
Pool, S. W. (2000). Organizational culture and its relationship between job tension in measuring outcomes among business executives. Journal of Management Development, 19(1), 32-49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710010308144
Ratten, V., Ramadani, V., Dana, L.-P., & Gërguri-Rashiti, S. (2017). Islamic entrepreneurship and management: Future research directions. In Entrepreneurship and Management in an Islamic Context (pp. 227–242). Cham, UK: Springer. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39679-8_14
Rokhman, W. (2010). The effect of Islamic work ethics on work outcomes. EJBO-Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organization Studies, 15(1), 21-27.
Saleh, A. S., & Zeitun, R. (2006). Islamic banking performance in the Middle East: A case study of Jordan (Working Paper). University of Wollongong, Keiraville NSW, Australia.
Shuja, S. M. (2000). Islamic culture and globalisation. Culture Mandala, 4(1), 5836.
Silva, M. R., Roque, H. C., & Caetano, A. (2015). Culture in Angola: Insights for human resources management. Cross Cultural Management, 22(2), 166-186. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/CCM-02-2013-0036
Stone, D. L., & Deadrick, D. L. (2015). Challenges and opportunities affecting the future of human resource management. Human Resource Management Review, 25(2), 139–145. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2015.01.003
Sulaiman, M., Sabian, N. A. A., & Othman, A. K. (2014). The understanding of Islamic management practices among Muslim managers in Malaysia. Asian Social Science, 10(1), 189-199. doi:https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v10n1p189
Tlaiss, H. A. (2015). How Islamic business ethics impact women entrepreneurs: Insights from four Arab Middle Eastern countries. Journal of Business Ethics, 129(4), 859–877. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2138-3
Wilson, A. M. (2001). Understanding organisational culture and the implications for corporate marketing. European Journal of Marketing, 35(4), 353-367. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560110382066
Yousef, D. A. (2001). Islamic work ethic–a moderator between organizational commitment and job satisfaction in a cross-cultural context. Personnel Review, 30(2), 152-169. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480110380325
Zaman, G., & Goschin, Z. (2015). Shadow economy and economic growth in Romania: Cons and pros. Procedia Economics and Finance, 22, 80–87.
Buthina, A. (2020). The impact of self-improvement (Etqan) on employees effectiveness case of Jordan. International Journal of Business and Administrative Studies, 6(6), 337-345. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.20469/ijbas.6.10005-6