Four strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), isolated from various Thai traditional fermented foods, were investigated on free radical scavenging activity of 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2-Azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic Acid (ABTS). Antioxidant activity by all isolated LAB in Intracellular Cell-Free Extracts (ICFE) was higher than in intact cells. The LAB strains FF and FB, isolated from fermented foods (fish and sliced beef), (ICFE) showed the highest radical-scavenging activity for DPPH and ABTS at 65% and 60%, respectively for the former strain. The detection of amino acid decarboxylase of LAB was investigated by growing on decarboxylase medium and quantitatively evaluated by confirming amine forming capacity using an HPLC procedure. All tested LAB strains were tyramine producers; however, the weakest strain was FF, followed by strain FB. In contrast, all of them did not produce histamine. Based on 16S rRNA genes, strain FF was identified as Lactobacillus fermentum, while strain FB was Lactobacillus plantarum. Both are potential starter cultures for producing fermented meat sausages.

1. 1. 1. Z. Singh, R. Bhalwar, J. Jayaram, and V. Tilak, “An introduction to essentials of bio-medical waste management,” Medical Journal Armed Forces India, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 144–147, 2001. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-1237(01)80136-2
      2. D. Mmereki, A. Baldwin, L. Hong, and B. Li, “The management of hazardous waste in developing countries,” Management of Hazardous Wastes, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 39–50, 2016. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/63055
      3. L. Curry, “The future of the public’s health in the 21st century,” Generations, vol. 29, no. 2, p. 82, 2005.
      4. World Health Organization, “Status of health-care waste management in selected countries of the western pacific region,” 2015. [Online]. Available:
         https://bit.ly/36u5InB
      5. Open University, “Study session 11 integrated solid waste management,” 2018. [Online]. Available:https://bit.ly/36vPUAV
      6. C.-S. Li and F.-T. Jenq, “Physical and chemical composition of hospital waste,” Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 145–150,
         1993. doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/646700
      7. O. Alagha, A. Alomari, and N. Jarrah, “Medical waste management and production rate in the eastern province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,” Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 35–60, 2018. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s41207-018-0078-5
      8. A. Panrare, T. Tondee, and P. Sohsalam, “Effect ofplant density in constructed wetland on domestic wastewater treating efficiency,” International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 7–12, 2016. doi: https://doi.org/10.20469/ijaps.2.50002-1
      9. Malsparo, “Types of medical waste,” 2017. [Online]. Available: https://bit.ly/2SAm9Xf
      10. R. Prihandarini and E. Murni, “Innovation of microorganism technology and utilization of waste of coconut water for spur growth of lettuce (lactuca sativa l),” Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2018. doi: https://doi.org/10.20474/japs-4.1.1
      11. A. Raheelah, G. Rubina, and M. Amina, “Hospital waste management,” 1994. [Online]. Available:https://bit.ly/36Aq12M
      12. V. Hegde, R. D. Kulkarni, and G. Ajantha, “Biomedical waste management,” Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 5–15, 2007.
      13. M. M. Hassan, S. A. Ahmed, K. A. Rahman, and T. K. Biswas, “Pattern of medical waste management: Existing scenario in Dhaka City, Bangladesh,” BMC Public Health, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 36, 2008. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-8-36
      14. U. Nations, Recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods. New York, NY: Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods United Nations, 1995.
      15. World Health Organization, “Safe management of wastes from health-care activities,” 2012. [Online]. Available: https://bit.ly/36Bgl8u
      16. International Atomic Energy Agency, “Storage of radioactive wastes,” 1992. [Online]. Available: https://bit.ly/30CFM5x

L. Islam, and P. L. Anissa, “Study around the management of medical waste and its impact on the good functioning of health services and how to deal with it and the resulting damage,” International Journal of Applied and Physical Sciences, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 36-41, 2019.doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.20469/ijaps.5.50001-2