This paper presents part of theoretical and practical analysis of the influence of Arab Islamic culture on employees’ effectiveness in Jordanian commercial banks. It considers two Islamic values: Intention (Neyyah) and Justice Trust (Amana) from the employees’ perspective. The influence of religion on both management practices and its role in human behaviour within work organizations has been ignored (Ababneh & Avramenko, 2016). This paper tries to fill part of this gap by considering its influence on organizational performance in general and employee’s effectiveness in particular. In a country such as the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, religion plays an important role in everyday life, supported by Government. Interest is in the prevalent behaviour at work and beyond. The question is: what is the degree of influence of commitment to religious practices? This paper explores the relationship between the dominant religion and management practices in paying particular attention to Arab Islamic culture and employees’ effectiveness. This is an important sector to study, as it plays a key role in supporting societies and is arguably the most important service sector affecting the Jordanian economy. Data were analyzed from managers, assistant managers, divisional heads, branch heads and other employees from five commercial banks in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan with a sample size of 174. Therefore, descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis and other statistical tests were utilized to test research hypotheses. The empirical results of the research shows there is no statistically significant effect to Intention (Neyyah) and Justice Trust (Amana) on HR performance in the commercial banks in Jordan.

1. Aba Al-Khail, S. (2004). The sources of the islamic religino and its most outstanding merits and virtues. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: King Fahad National Library.
2. Ababneh, H. T., & Avramenko, A. (2016). Impact of Islamic values on HRM practices: An empirical study of Jordanian universities. International Journal of Business Excellence, 10(1), 1–19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1504/ijbex.2016.077625
3. Abbasi, A. S., Akhter, W., & Umar, S. (2011). Ethical issues in advertising in Pakistan: An islamic perspective. World Applied Sciences Journal, 13(3), 444–452.
4. Abbasi, A. S., Mir, G. M., & Hussain, M. (2012). Islamic work ethics: How it affects organizational learning, innovation and performance. Actual Problems of Economics, 12(138), 471-480.
5. Abbasi, A. S., & Rana, A. H. (2012). Impact of islamic work ethics, reward system and organizational environment on citizenship behavior of employees. Science International-Lahore, 24(4), 513–519.
6. Abdul Cader, A. (2017). Islamic principles of conflict management: A model for human resource management. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 17(3), 345–363. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1470595817740912
7. Ahmad, K., & Ogunsola, O. (2011). An empirical assessment of islamic leadership principles. International Journal of Commerce and Management, 21(3), 291-318. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/10569211111165325
8. Akkermans, D., Harzing, A.-W., & Van Witteloostuijn, A. (2010). Cultural accommodation and language priming. Management International Review, 50(5), 559–583. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-010-0053-0
9. Alfalih, A. (2016). Religion, culture and management: A comparative study of the impact of Islam and Saudi culture on HRM practices of indigenous and foreign owned and managed corporations in Saudi Arabia (Phd thesis). Wolverhampton, England: University of Wolverhampton.
10. Al-Husan, F. Z. B., Brennan, R., & James, P. (2009). Transferring Western HRM practices to developing countries. Personnel Review, 38(2), 104-123. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480910931299
11. Ali, A. (1988). Scaling an Islamic work ethic. The Journal of Social Psychology, 128(5), 575–583. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1988.9922911
12. Ali, A. J. (1990). Management theory in a transitional society: The Arab’s experience. International Studies of Management & Organization, 20(3), 7–35. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00208825.1990.11656534
13.  Ali, A. J. (1992). The islamic work ethic in Arabia. The Journal of Psychology, 126(5), 507–519. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1992.10543384
14. Ali, A. J. (2010). Islamic challenges to HR in modern organizations. Personnel Review, 39(6), 692–711. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011075567
15. Ali, A. J., & Al-Owaihan, A. (2008). Islamic work ethic: A critical review. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 5(1), 5-19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/13527600810848791
16. Ali, A. J., & Weir, D. (2005). Islamic perspectives on management and organization. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 2(3), 410-415. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14766080509518602
17. Altarawneh, G., & Lucas, M. (2012). Understanding the dominance of Western accounting and neglect of Islamic accounting in Islamic countries. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 3(2), 99–120. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/17590811211265920
18. Al-Zyoud, M. S. N. (2009). The impact of globalization on Jordan society. Dirasat: Educational Sciences, 36(1),174-184.
19. Aycan, Z., Kanungo, R., Mendonca, M., Yu, K., Deller, J., Stahl, G., & Kurshid, A. (2000). Impact of culture on human resource management practices: A 10-country comparison. Applied Psychology, 49(1), 192–221.doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1464-0597.00010
20. Balmer, J. M., & Wilson, A. M. (2001). Understanding organisational culture and the implications for corporate marketing. European Journal of Marketing, 35, 353-367. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560110382066
21. Branine, M., & Pollard, D. (2010). Human resource management with Islamic management principles: A dialectic for a reverse diffusion in management. Personnel Review, 39(6), 712–727. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011075576
22. Budhwar, P. S., & Mellahi, K. (2006). Introduction: Managing human resources in the Middle East. Managing Human Resources in the Middle-East, 18(1), 19–37.
23. Budhwar, P. S., & Mellahi, K. (2010). Introduction: Islam and human resource management. Personnel Review, 39(6), 685-691. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011075558
24. Dadfar, H. (1993). In search of Arab management direction and identity. In First Arab Management Conference. University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.
25. Denison, D. R., & Mishra, A. K. (1995). Toward a theory of organizational culture and effectiveness. Organization  Science, 6(2), 204-223. doi:https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.6.2.204
26. Erkekoglu, L. C., & Madi, . (2017). Handbook of research on sociopolitical factors impacting economic growth in Islamic nations. In S. Ozdemir, S. Erdogan, & A. Gedikli (Eds.), The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Pennsylvania, PA: IGI Global.
27. Hofstede, G., Neuijen, B., Ohayv, D. D., & Sanders, G. (1990). Measuring organizational cultures: A qualitative and quantitative study across twenty cases. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(2), 286–316. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/2393392
28. House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. New York, NY: Sage publications.
29. Jaeger, A. M., & Kanungo, R. N. (1990). Management in developing countries. New York, NY: Routledge.
30. Joppe, G. (2000). Testing reliability and validity of research instruments. Journal of American Academy of Business Cambridge, 4(1/2), 49–54.
31. Khurshid, A. (1976). Islam: Its meaning and message. London, UK: Islamic Council of Europe.
32. King, P. E., & Roeser, R. W. (2009). Religion and spirituality in adolescent development. Handbook of Adolescent Psychology, 1, 435–478.
33. Kumar, N., & Rose, R. C. (2010). Examining the link between Islamic work ethic and innovation capability. Journal of Management Development, 29(1), 79-93. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/02621711011009081
34. McQuillan, K. (2004). When does religion influence fertility? Population and Development Review, 30(1), 25–56. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2004.00002.x
35. Mendonca, M., & Kanungo, R. N. (1994). Managing human resources: The issue of cultural fit. Journal of Management Inquiry, 3(2), 189–205. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/105649269432010
36. Nasr, S. H. (1984). Islamic work ethics. Hamdard Islamicus, 7(4), 25-35.
37. Pool, S. W. (2000). Organizational culture and its relationship between job tension in measuring outcomes among business executives. Journal of Management Development, 19(1), 32-49.
38. Rokhman, W. (2010). The effect of Islamic work ethics on work outcomes. EJBO-Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organization Studies, 15(1), 21-27.
39. Saleh, A. S., & Zeitun, R. (2006). Islamic banking performance in the Middle East: A case study of Jordan (Working paper 06-21). Wollongong, Australia: Department of Economics, University of Wollongong.
40. Sedikides, C. (2010). Why does religiosity persist? Personality and Social Psychology Review, 14(1), 3–6. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868309352323
41. Shuja, S. M. (2000). Islamic culture and globalisation. Culture Mandala: The Bulletin of the Centre for East-West Cultural and Economic Studies, 4(1).
42. Silva, M. R., Roque, H. C., & Caetano, A. (2015). Culture in Angola: Insights for human resources management. Cross Cultural Management, 22(2), 166-186. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/ccm-02-2013-0036
43. Stone, D. L., & Deadrick, D. L. (2015). Challenges and opportunities affecting the future of human resource management. Human Resource Management Review, 25(2), 139–145. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2015.01.003
44. Sulaiman, M., Sabian, N. A. A., & Othman, A. K. (2014). The understanding of Islamic management practices among Muslim managers in Malaysia. Asian Social Science, 10(1), 189-199. doi:https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v10n1p189
45. Tayeb, M. H. (1996). The management of a multicultural workforce. Chichester, UK: Wiley.
46. Yousef, D. A. (2001). Islamic work ethic-a moderator between organizational commitment and job satisfaction in a cross-cultural context. Personnel Review, 30(2), 152-169. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480110380325

Buthina, A., Hefin, R., Brychan, T., & Caryn, C. (2020). Impact of Arab Islamic culture on employees’ effectiveness from the employees’ perspective in commercial banks case of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. International Journal of Business and Administrative Studies, 6(3), 162-170. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.20469/ijbas.6.10005-3